Seed vigor in soybean production with and without irrigation

Abstract

Weather conditions, especially amounts and the distribution of rainfalls, as well as, drought, significantly reduce yields and quality of soybean seed. Unfavorable effects of drought could be successfully eliminated by crop irrigation. Three commercial soybean cultivars, and two lines developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad, were tested. The seed was produced under conditions of dry land farming and irrigation. Seed germination (Standard laboratory method) and seed vigor (accelerated aging test, Hiltner test and cold test) were tested under laboratory conditions. The germination value of the seed produced under irrigation (Standard laboratory method) was higher than the value of the seed produced under dry land farming conditions. Significant differences among tested cultivars and lines were observed by the application of this test. In the estimation of seed vigor, the highest values were obtained when accelerated aging test was applied. Significant differences among tested cultivars and lines and different production conditions were obtained for seed vigor by using Hiltner and cold tests.

Vremenski uslovi, posebno količina i raspored padavina, te pojava suše značajno smanjuju prinose i kvalitet semena soje. Nepovoljan uticaj suše može se uspešno eliminisati navodnjavanjem useva. Ispitivanja su izvršena na tri komercijalne sorte i dve linije soje selekcionisane u Institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Novom Sadu. Seme je proizvedeno u uslovima suvog ratarenja i navodnjavanja. U laboratorijskim uslovima izvršeno je ispitivanje klijavosti (standardni laboratorijski metod) i životne sposobnosti semena primenom vigor testova (test ubrzanog starenja, Hiltner test i hladni test). Seme proizvedeno u uslovima navodnjavanja imalo je veću klijavost primenom standardnog laboratorijskog metoda od semena proizvedenog u uslovima suvog ratarenja. Primenom ovog testa uočene su značajne razlike između ispitivanih sorti i linija. U oceni životne sposobnosti semena najviše vrednosti dobijene su primenom testa ubrzanog starenja. Značajne razlike u životnoj sposobnosti semena, između ispitivanih sorti i linija, i različitih uslova proizvodnje dobijene su primenom Hiltner i hladnog testa.