Maize breeding for high yield and quality

Abstract

This paper offers a review of investigation on project "Maize breeding for high yield and quality of grain and biomass", No B434, financed by Ministry of Science and Environment Protection, Serbia and Montenegro. Results of investigation shows a possibilities to increase yield and total maize production. New genetic material comprising temperate breeding material and local material or tropical germplasm no more than 25% is good source of new variation for inbred line development. The efficacy of selection for grain yield potential could be increased by indirect selection via characters highly correlated with grain yield such as. Sample of 100S1 progenies studied in more than one environment is sufficient for reliable estimate of mean value and variability of grain yield and grain moisture in synthetic populations of maize. A correct and on time application of grooving technology, such as sowing data, plant density, crop rotation, fertilization can reduce negative effect of unfavorable climate conditions on maize.

Istraživanja su provedena u okviru projekta "Oplemenjivanje kukuruza na visok prinos i kvalitet zrna i biomase", u cilju iznalaženja načina za povećanje proizvodnje kukuruza. Kao mogući pravci za povećanje proizvodnje navode se 1. Povećanje genetičke varijabilnosti inbred linija, roditeljskih komponenti hibrida, unošenjem adaptirane egzotične germplazme iz umerenog ili subtropskog pojasa. 2. Poboljšanje tehnoloških postupaka za gajenje kukuruza. 3. Oplemenjivanje na otpornost prema prouzrokovačima glavnih bolesti stabla klipa i lista. 4. Pravilan izbor, odnosno, reonizacija hibrida.