Produktivnost i kvalitet crnog ovsa Avena strigosa Schreb. i benefit za zdravlje

Abstract

Crni ovas Avena strigosa Schreb. se u svetu i kod nas gaji na malim površinama. Zahvaljujuću visokoj nutritivnoj vrednosti, visokovrednim proteinima, vitaminima B grupe, i nutrijentima (kalcijum, kalijum, magnezijum, natrijum, silicijum, gvožđe, mangan, cink i bakar) kao i flavonoidima i skrobu, koristi se za ishranu ljudi i stoke, za industrijsku preradu, a u farmaceutskoj industriji i medicini kao prirodan lek. Ovas povoljno deluje na kvalitet kostiju, jača imunitet, povoljno utiče na prostatu, nesanicu, anksioznost, depresiju, nervozu, promuklost, snižava nivo holesterola i telesnu masu, visok krvni pritisak i šećer u krvi. Čaj od ovsa se posebno preporučuje obolelima od multiple skleroze i kod lečenja dijabetesa. U ovoj studiji ispitivana je produktivnost crnog ovsa u dve varijante: V1-kontrola-bez prihrane i u V2-varijanti sa folijarnom prihranom, na proizvodnim parcelama Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo u Bačkom Petrovcu. Rezultati ispitivanja su pokazali da je crni ovas ispoljio visoke prinose zrna po biljci u nepovoljnoj godini za proizvodnju, a da je u varijanti sa prihranom ostvaren statistički značajno veći prinos u odnosu na kontrolu.

Black oats Avena strigosa Schreb. is grown in the world and in our country in small areas. Thanks to its high nutritional value, high-value proteins, B group vitamins, and nutrients (calcium, potassium, magnesium, sodium, silicon, iron, manganese, zinc and copper), as well as flavonoids and starch, it is used for human and livestock nutrition, for industrial processing, in the pharmaceutical industry and medicine as a natural medicine. Oats have a beneficial effect on the quality of bones, strengthen immunity, have a beneficial effect on the prostate, insomnia, anxiety, depression, nervousness, hoarseness, lower cholesterol levels and body weight, high blood pressure and blood sugar. Oat tea is especially recommended for patients with multiple sclerosis and in the treatment of diabetes. In this study, the productivity of black oats was examined in two variants: V1-without nutrition (control) and in V2-variant with foliar nutrition, on the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops experimental field, in Bački Petrovac. The results showed that black oats showed high grain yields per plant, in an unfavourable year for production, and that in the variant with top dressing, a statistically significantly higher yield was achieved compared to the control.