Analiza genotipa, sredine i njihove interakcije na svojstva semena konzumnog suncokreta

Abstract

Oplemenjivanje konzumnog suncokreta odlikuje se činjenicom da različita tržišta imaju različite zahteve u pogledu veličine semena, boje ljuske i drugih osobina, što ovaj proces čini težim i skupljim. Krupne frakcije semena se otkupljuju, prže i pakuju pojedinačno, dok se sitnije frakcije semena koriste u proizvodnji hladno ceđenog suncokretovog ulja i pogače. Prerađivačka industrija, odnosno male fabrike, otkupljuju seme krupne frakcije za pečenje i pakovanje. Da bi se razumeo doprinos genotipoa, spoljne sredine i njihove interakcije na varijabilnost osobina, korišćen je REML slučajni model za procenu komponenti varijanse faktora za svaku osobinu. Efekat genotipova (G), spoljašnje sredine (E) i njihove interakcije (GE) upoređeni su uzimajući u obzir njihov doprinos ukupnoj varijansi za udeo jezgra i ljuske ,dužine, širine i debljine semena.

Confectionary sunflower breeding is characterized by different markets having different demands for seed size, hull color, and other traits, thus making this process more difficult and costly. Large seed fractions are purchased, roasted, and packed individually, while smaller seed fractions are used in the production of cold-pressed sunflower seed oil and oil cake. The processing industry, that is, small factories, buy large seed fractions for backing and packaging. To understand the contribution of genotypes, years, and their interaction to the variability of traits, REML random model was used to estimate the variance components of factors for each trait. The effect of genotypes (G), environments (E), and their interaction (GE) was compared by considering their contribution to the total variance for kernel and shell ratio, seed length, width, and thickness.