Parametri kvaliteta semena uljane repice pri različitim tretmanima

Abstract

Proizvodnja uljane repice u Srbiji prati trend porasta površina pod uljaricama u svetu. Kao najvažniji preduslov za uspešnu proizvodnju i postizanje visokih prinosa neophodno je obezbediti seme visokog kvaliteta i osigurati optimalan sklop biljaka. Kvalitetan tretman semena se pokazao kao najbolje rešenje za zaštitu biljaka u početnim fazama razvoja. Ispitivanja su izvedena na tri sorte ozime uljane repice: Ana, Zorica i Jasna. Seme je tretirano fungicidima sa aktivnim materijama karboksin + tiram i fluopikolid + fluoksastrobin, kao i insekticidom sa a.m. flupiradifuron, a kontrola je bilo netretirano seme. Uticaj tretmana ispitan je primenom standardnog laboratorijskog metoda i nakon 7 dana utvrđeni su klijavost semena i dužina ponika. Klijavost semena u kontroli se kretala od 92% do 93%. U proseku, najveću klijavost imalo je seme tretirano sa fungicidom fluopikolid + fluoksastrobin (94 – 98%). Značajno nižu klijavost imalo je seme sorte Jasna (84%) i Ana (88%) tretirano kombinacijom fungicida karboksin + tiram i insekticida. Dužina ponika je bila statistički značajno najveća kod semena sorte Jasna (18,27 cm) tretiranog fungicidom fluopikolid + fluoksastrobin, koja je i u proseku za sve tretmane imala najveću vrednost ispitivanog parametra. Najniže vrednosti su dobijene kod ponika sorte Zorica (13,39 cm) pri tretmanu fungicidom karboksin + tiram. Za uspešnu proizvodnju treba odabirati tretmane koji imaju pozitivan efekat na kvalitet semena.

The production of oilseed rape in Serbia follows the trend of increasing areas under oil crops in the world. As the most important precondition for successful production and achieving high yields, it is necessary to provide high-quality seeds and ensure an optimal plant number per hectare. Quality seed treatment has proven to be the best solution for plant protection in the initial stages of development. Test was performed on three varieties of winter rapeseed: Ana, Zorica and Jasna. The seeds were treated with fungicides with a.i. carboxin + thiram and fluopicolide + fluoxastrobin, as well as an insecticide with a.i. flupyradifurone, and control was untreated seeds. The effect of the treatment was tested using a standard laboratory method, and after 7 days, seed germination and seedling length were determined. Seed germination in the control ranged from 92% to 93%. On average, seeds treated with the fungicide fluopicolide + fluoxastrobin had the highest germination (94-98%). The seeds of Jasna (84%) and Ana (88%) varieties treated with the combination of fungicide carboxin + thiram and insecticide had a significantly lower germination rate. The seedlings length was statistically significantly highest in the seeds of Jasna variety (18.27 cm) treated with fungicide fluopicolide + fluoxastrobin, which had the highest value of the tested parameter on average for all treatments. The lowest values were obtained in seedlings of Zorica variety (13.39 cm) treated with the fungicide carboxin + thiram. For successful production, treatments that have a positive effect on seed quality should be selected.