Contribution of science in changes of genetic constitution of sugar beet varieties during forty Years of agronomists seminar

Abstract

In the forty years of seminars of agronomists, the genetic composition of sugar beet hybrids and varieties has been completely changed, mainly due to development of different scientific methods. Every change lead to increase of genetic yield potential for important quantitative and qualitative traits, or improvement of efficiency and profitability of production. Sugar beet breeding in Institute of field and vegetative crops always managed to follow European and world trends, in order to create hybrid and varieties whose performance was equal to hybrids made by international companies. Increase in yield potential of 2% per year in the last few decades, is mostly due to genotype improvement, which presents huge success of scientists involved in sugar beet genetics and breeding.

U proteklih četrdeset godina u vremenu trajanja seminara agronoma zahvaljujući rezultatima fundamentalne nauke mnogo češće nego kod drugih gajenih biljaka kod šećerne repe je nekoliko puta dolazilo do kompletne promene genetičke kompozicije gajenih sorti šećerne repe. Svaka promena dovodila je do povećanja genetičkog potnecijala rodnosti za najvažnije kvantitativne karakteristike ili do povećanja ekonomičnosti i profitabilnosti proizvodnje. Oplemenjivanje šećerne repe u Naučnom institutu za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo je uglavnom vrlo efikasno pratilo evropske i svetske trendove u smislu stvaranja sorti koje po svojim karakteristikama nisu zaostajale za sortama multinacionalnih kompanija. U zadnjih nekoliko dekada povećanje potencijala rodnosti koje se duguje isključivo poboljšanom genotipu iznosi 2% godišnje što predstavlja nesumnjivo veliki uspeh genetičara i oplemenjivača šećerne repe.