Winter rapeseed breeding at Institute of field and vegetable crops

Abstract

Winter rapeseed breeding program (Brassica napus L) was started at the Institute in mid-1980s. It was something of a "freelance" program breeding priorities of Oilcrops Department were the development of sunflower hybrids resistant to major fungal diseases, sunflower moth and broomrape. Serious efforts on the breeding of 0- and 00-type winter rapeseeds were invested after the disintegration of the former Yugoslavia. In addition to the breeding of cultivars with conventional oil, we worked on the breeding of cultivars with high oleic content (over 73%). Using foreign cultivars as initial breeding material and the pedigree method and convergent crossing according to the principle of transgressive recombination, cultivars had been developed which were released in the country and abroad. Cvs. Banaćanka and Slavica (group 00) and cv. Nena (group 0) were registered in the country. Cv. NS-L-25, with high oleic acid content, will be released in near future. Cv. Anna released in the Ukraine is classified as 00 type. Our program of hybrid development utilizes a cms system known as the Ogura system, discovered at INRA in 1968.

Rad na oplemenjivanju ozime uljane repice (Brassica napus L) započet je u Institutu sredinom 80-tih godina prošlog veka. Više "rekreativno" jer je u Zavodu za uljane kulture osnovna preokupacija bila stvaranje visoko prinosnih uljanih hibrida suncokreta otpornih na prevalentne bolesti, suncokretov moljac i parazitnu cvetnicu volovod. Posle raspada SFR Jugoslavije prišlo se ozbiljnije stvaranju visoko produktivnih sorata ozime uljane repice tipa "0" i "00". Pored stvaranja sorata sa standardnim tipom ulja radilo se i na stvaranju sorata sa povećanim sadržajem oleinske kiseline u ulju (preko 73%). Koristeći inostrane sorte kao početni selekcioni materijal i selekcione metode: pedigre i konvergentnog ukrštanja prema principu transgresivne rekombinacije. razvijene su sorte koje su registrovane u Srbiji i Crnoj gori i inostranstvu. Kod nas su registrovane Banaćanka i Slavica iz grupe "00" i Nena iz grupe "0". U postupku registracije se nalazi sorta NS-L-25 sa povećanim sadržajem oleinske kiseline. U Ukrajini je registrovana sorta Anna koja spada u grupu "00". U okviru programa stvaranja hibrida koristi se cms sistem poznat pod imenom ogura otkriven 1968. u INRA.