Response of wheat genotypes to excess boron estimated by in vitro culture

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate boron tolerance of wheat genotypes using mature embryo culture. The analysis involved 79 recombinant inbred lines of the International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI) population and three Serbian varieties with known boron (B) tolerance (Pobeda – sensitive S, Balerina -medium tolerant MT, and Nevesinjka – tolerant T). The evaluation was performed on a modified MS medium to which 15 mM of boric acid was added. The control medium contained no excess B. Callus fresh weight (CFW) and reduction of fresh callus weight (RFCW) were determined after one month of cultivation. ANOVA has shown highly significant effect of genotype, the media, and their interaction to callus tissue growth and also significant genotypic effect on RFCW. Majority of genotypes (39) had sensitive reaction to excess boron, twenty-three were medium tolerant, while four of them were tolerant. The obtained results can be potentially used for mapping QTLs associated with tolerance to excess B in wheat breeding program.

Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se proceni tolerantnost genotipova pšenice na suvišak bora primenom kulture zrelog embriona. Analizom je obuhvaćeno 79 rekombinantnih inbred linija ITMI mapirajuće populacije i 3 sorte poznate tolerantnosti na bor (Pobeda – osetljiva, Balerina – srednje tolerantna i Nevesinjka – tolerantna) poreklom iz Srbije. Procena tolerantnosti je rađena na modifikovanoj MS hranljivoj podlozi u koju je dodato 15 mM borne kiseline. Kontrolna podloga nije sadržala suvišak bora. Sveža masa kalusa i redukcija sveže mase kalusa, određene su nakon mesec dana gajenja. ANOVA je pokazala veoma značajan efekat genotipa, hranljive podloge i njihove interakcije na rast kalusa, kao i značajan genotipski efekat na redukciju sveže mase kalusa. Većina genotipova (39) je imala osetljivu reakciju na suvišak bora, 23 su bila srednje tolerantna dok su 4 genotipa bila tolerantna. Dobijeni rezultati se potencijalno mogu koristiti za mapiranje gena i QTL-ova povezanih sa tolerancijom na suvišak B u oplemenjivanju pšenice.