Phenotype variability and inheritance of leaf shape in F1 generation of sunflower

Abstract

Populations of wild sunflower species were crossed with cms cultivated lines because of their high variability. Variability was determined by measuring inflorescence diameter, ray flower number and the leaf length and width. The data was used for hierarchical cluster analysis in the SYSTAT 10 program and the obtained dendrogram was used to interpret divergence of used populations. Comparing 25 hybrid populations with parents tested the modes of inheritance. Cluster analysis divided plants in to three groups. The first ones were inbred lines of cultivated sunflower. In the middle of the cluster tree were annual wild species and the third group were perennial wild species. The mean value differences in observed traits between parents were significant. All modes of inheritance were present in Fi generation. Intermediate was the most frequent followed by equal number of partially dominant and dominant ones and in two hybrid combinations, negative heterotic effect was scored.

Zbog izražene varijabilnosti divlje vrste su korišćene za ukrštanja sa cms linijama gajenog suncokreta. Varijabilnost je utvrđena merenjem prečnika cvasti, broja jezičastih cvetova, dužine i širine liske. Podaci su obrađeni putem hijerarhijske klaster analize u programu SYSTAT 10 i dobijen je dendrogram na osnovu koga je tumačena divergentnost ispitivanih populacija. Način nasleđivanja je utvrđivan poređenjem 25 hibridnih kombinacija sa roditeljima. Klaster analizom su razdvojene tri grupe biljaka. Prvu čine inbred linije samooplodnog suncokreta. U srednjem delu dendrograma su jednogodišnje divlje vrste i treća grupa su višegodišnje divlje vrste. Razlike u srednjim vrednostima ispitivanih svojstava između roditelja su bile značajne. Zastupljeni su bili svi tipovi nasleđivanja. Najviše je bilo intermedijarnog, zatim parcijalno dominantnog i dominantnog, a u dve hibridne kombinacije manifestovao se negativni heterozis.