Efekti pojedinačnih i mešavine pesticida na kišne gliste (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae): rezultati terenskog monitoringa

Abstract

Funkcionisanje terestričnih ekosistema u velikoj meri zavisi od podzemnog biodiverziteta. Međutim, važnost podzemnog biodiverziteta često je ignorisana ili potcenjena. Prema funkciji koju obavljaju, zemljišni organizmi su podeljeni u tri velike funkcionalne grupe: hemijski inženjeri, biološki regulatori i ekološki inženjeri. Kišne gliste se smatraju najznačajnijim ekološkim inženjerima, pre svega zbog formiranja plodnog zemljišta. Pregled literature ukazuje na ukupan pad zemljišne faune u poljoprivrednim ekosistemima u Evropi, uključujući i kišne gliste. Zbog tesne veze kišnih glista i podloge, moderna poljoprivredna praksa može da modifikuje fizičke i hemijske osobine zemljišta tako da izazove promene u gustini i sastavu zajednica glista. Zato je cilj ovog rada bila procena uticaju pesticida Karambe (fungicid: metkonazol) i Cipkorda (insekticida: cipermetrin) i njihove mešavine na prirodnu populaciju glista na poljoprivrednim poljima.

The functioning of terrestrial ecosystems largely depends on underground biodiversity. However, the importance of soil fauna is often ignored or underestimated. According to the function they perform, soil organisms are divided into three major functional groups: chemical engineers, biological regulators and ecosystem engineers. Earthworms are considered to be the most important ecosystem engineers, primarily due to the formation of fertile soil. A review of the literature indicates an overall decline in soil fauna in agricultural ecosystems in Europe, including earthworms. Due to the close connection between earthworms and the substrate, modern agricultural practice can modify the physical and chemical properties of the soil so as to cause changes in the density and composition of earthworm communities. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the pesticides Caramba (fungicide: metconazole) and Cipcord (insecticide: cypermethrin) and their mixtures on the natural population of earthworms in agricultural fields.