Semenarstvo hibridnog suncokreta u Srbiji

Abstract

Na sortnoj listi Srbije nalaze se 202 registrovana hibrida suncokreta, raznih tipova i grupa zrenja. Najzastupljeniji su hibridi novosadskog Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo (68). Na tržištu raste udeo hibrida otpornih na pojedine grupe herbicida (od 53% u 2017. do 64% u 2018. godini). U periodu 2009-2018. semenski suncokret se u Srbiji prosečno gajio na 1924 ha a procena je da se godišnje prosečno doradilo 1975 t semena (prosečno 1,03 t/ha). U Srbiji je 2017. godine deklarisano 1666267 kg a 2018. godine 1888959 kg semena suncokreta. Udeo uvezenog semena iznosio je 86,47% u 2017. godini i 85,27% u 2018. godini. Srbija ima sve preduslove za veću proizvodnju semena suncokreta, od povoljnih agroekoloških uslova preko dobrih stučnjaka, proizvođača i dorađivača, do kvalitetne stručne kontrole.

The variety list of Serbia contains 202 registered sunflower hybrids, various types and groups of ripening. Hybrids of the Novi Sad Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops are the most frequent (68). The share of hybrids resistant to certain groups of herbicides grows in the market (from 53% in 2017 to 64% in 2018). In the period 2009-2018. sunflower for seed in Serbia was grown on average in 1924 ha and the estimate is that an average of 1975 tons of seeds annually have been processed (an average of 1.03 t/ha). In Serbia in 2017, 1666267 kg and in 2018 1888959 kg of sunflower seed were declared. The share of imported seeds was 86.47% in 2017 and 85.27% in 2018. Serbia has all the preconditions for greater sunflower seeds production, from favorable agro-ecological conditions through good experts, manufacturers and processors, to quality expert control.