Povećanje prinosa soje međurednom kultivacijom useva

Abstract

Međuredna kultivacija soje je agrotehnička mera kojom se uništavaju korovi između redova soje, vrši se aeracija površinskog dela zemljišta što doprinosi boljem razvoju kvržičnih bakterija, boljem usvajanju azota i ostalih hranjivih elemenata i prekida se prekomerno isparavanje vlage iz zemljišta. Na osnovu dugogodišnjih istraživanja nastala je preporuka tehnologije gajenja soje, po kojoj se preporučuje vršenje dve međuredne kultivacije za dobijanje visokih i stabilnih prinosa i u cilju sprečavanja oscilacije prinosa u nepovoljnim uslovima proizvodnje. Cilj ovih istraživanja je da se u trogodišnjem ogledu ispita uticaj jedne i dve međuredne kultivacije na tri različite sorte soje po dužini vegetacionog perioda. Rezultati su obrađeni analizom varijanse i dobijene su značajne razlike u prinosu soje između tretmana. Sorta soje Rubin ima najduži vegetacioni period i sa ovom sortom je ostvaren i najviši prinos (2928,9 kgha-1 ), što je značajno više u odnosu na sorte soje Sava (2802,0 kgha-1) i sortu Galina (2742,2 kgha-1). Jedna (2861,0 kgha-1) i dve međuredne kultivacije (2893,7 kgha-1) značajno povećavaju prinos soje u odnosu na varijantu ogleda bez međuredne kultivacije (2718,4 kgha-1).

Inter-row cultivation of soybean is an agrotechnical measure that destroys weeds between soybean rows, aeration on the surface part of the soil is carried out which contributes to the better development of the cluster bacteria, better absorption of nitrogen and other nutrients, and excessive evaporation of moisture from the soil is interrupted. Based on many years of research, the recommendation of soybean cultivation technology was made according to which it is recommended to perform two inter-cultivations in order to obtain high and stable yields and in order to prevent yield fluctuation in unfavourable production conditions. The aim of this research is to examine the influence of one and two inter-row cultivation on three different soybean varieties in the course of the threeyear experiment in the length of the vegetation period. The results were analysed by variance analysis and statistically significant differences in the yield of soybean between treatments were obtained. The variety of soybean Rubin has the longest growing season, and with this variety the highest yield (2928.9 kgha-1) was achieved, which is statistically significantly higher than the varieties of soybean Sava (2802.0 kgha-1) and Galina variety (2742, 2 kgha-1). One (2861.0 kgha-1) and two inter-row cultivations (2893.7 kgha-1) statistically significantly increase the soybean yield compared to the variant of the experiment without inter-row cultivation (2718.4 kgha-1).