Molecular markers in sunflower breeding

Abstract

The contemporary state of the investigations in the field of the molecular markers application in breeding in general, and in sunflower breeding specifically, is presented in the paper. In the second part of the paper the authors are rewiring their own results on the application of molecular markers in the investigation of: drought tolerance, diversity of sunflower inbred lines and wild species, and in the identification of interspecies hybrids. The investigation of sunflower tolerance to downy mildew is presented in more detail. Markers obtained with PCR primer HAP3 are indicating that the resistance to downy mildew in examined sunflower genotypes is connected with P16 gene. DNA polymorphism among examined genotypes was investigated with RAPD and SSR markers. Obtained results were used for the calculation of genetic distances (GD) between all possible pairs of genotypes. GD which varied between 7% and 67%, were used for dendrogram construction. Data confirm that inbred lines, resistant (Ha-26 A+) and sensitive (Ha-26 A) to downy mildew, are very similar.

U radu je dat prikaz rezultata koji odslikavaju savremeno stanje u primeni molekularnih markera u oplemenjivanju uopšte, i posebno u oplemenjivanju suncokreta. U drugom delu rada autori daju pregled sopstvenih rezultata koji se odnose na primenu molekularnih markera u ispitivanju: tolerantnosti na sušu, diversiteta samooplodnih linija i divljih vrsta suncokreta, kao i pri identifikaciji interspecies hibrida. Detaljnije su prikazani rezultati koji se odnose na primenu molekularnih markera u ispitivanju tolerantnosti prema plamenjači. Primenom HAP3 prajmera pokazano je da je otpornost u ispitivanom materijalu vezana za prisustvo P16 gena. Polimorfizam DNK izolovane iz različitih genotipova suncokreta je ispitivan primenom RAPD i SSR markera. Iz dobijenih podataka izračunata je genetička udaljenost između svih parova ispitivanih genotipova, koja je varirala između 7% i 67%, i konstruisan je dendrogram. Potvrđeno je da su dve ispitivane linije, otporna (Ha-26 A+) i osetljiva (Ha-26 A) prema plamenjači, vrlo slične.