Phenotypic characterization of the Serbian poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) population

Abstract

The poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) is used for oil and protein production from seeds, as food, in medicine (because it contains alkaloids of capsules - morphine, codeine, etc.), in cosmetics industry, in industry of colours, etc. The evaluation of poppy quality is generally based on the oil and morphine content. The experiment with poppy was conducted in four replications on the plots of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, in Bački Petrovac (φN 45 ° 20 ', λE 19 ° 40', msl 89), in 2017. The aim of this experiment was to examine the morpho-productive properties of the Petrovac poppy population sown in spring. The examined poppy population had a round shape of the capsule. On average, plant height was 93 cm, the number of capsule in plant was 2.67, the capsule length was 35.70 mm, capsule width was 34.90 mm, and the capsule weight was 3.68 g. The seed weight in the capsule was 1.86 g while the 1000 seed weight was 0.34 g. The stability of the tested parameters measured by the coefficient of variation, recorded a low variation, which shows us that the examined population is a good base for stable production and for further work in the breeding of this oilseed.