Genetic variability of yield components of domestic Lucerne cultivars in different growth stages

Abstract

Yield components of six alfalfa cultivars were analyzed for genetic variability in the early stages of plant development during years two through four of plant life (1999-2001). The following traits were studied during the first five stages of development: plant height, leaf contribution, dry matter content of stem and leaves, and internode number and length. Genetic and phenotypic variance was estimated as well as the coefficient of variation and broad sense heritability. Genetic and phenotypic variability of yield components in alfalfa cultivars is significant in the earlier developmental stages, which enables selection before pollination and fertilization (Tab. 1). The cultivars NS Banat ZMS II and NS Mediana ZMS V had significantly taller plants, a higher dry matter content and higher internode number. However, higher leaf contribution to yield was found in Slavija, Novosadjanka H-11 and NS Bačka ZMS I (Tab. 2).

Proučavano je 6 sorti lucerke, kreacije Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo od druge do četvrte godine života biljaka (1999-2001). Varijabilnost je ocenjena u prvih pet fenoloških faza razvića. Analizirane su: visina biljaka, udeo lišća, sadržaj suve materije u stablu, lišću i ukupno, broj internodija i dužina internodija. Izračunata je genetička i fenotipska varijansa koeficijent varijacije i heritabilnost. Dobijene su značajne razlike u morfološkim osobinama između domaćih sorti lucerke u mladim fazama razvića. Varijabilnost morfoloških osobina lucerke, mogla bi se koristiti kao kriterijum za ocenu genotipova u oplemenjivanju, u mlađim fazama razvića, odnosno pre generativne faze.