Use of microbiological fertilizers in bean, soybean and maize production

Abstract

The objective of this paper was to study the effects of several microbiological fertilizers (NS-Nitragina, Azotobaktera, BactoFil A and B Phylazonit MC) on biological and agrochemical soil properties in order to determine if these preparations can provide conditions suitable for increased plant production. Three trials were established at the Rimski Sančevi Experiment Field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad during 2002. In two of them (the ones with soybean and bean), the seed was inoculated with various microbiological fertilizers, whereas in the check treatment, it was not. The third trial involved maize (the NS-640 hybrid (FAO 600)) and various fertilization levels accompanied by the application of the microbiological fertilizer BactoFil A. The results of the study show that microbiological fertilizers influence the relative abundance of the various microbial groups studied depending both on the genotype and the type of inoculation. The use of microbiological fertilizers in the soybean and bean trials increased the total number of microorganisms and the abundance of free nitrogen-fixers, azotobacters, actinomycetes, and microorganisms affecting the release of inorganic phosphates in the soil. The various inoculation treatments of soybean increased the dry matter mass nodule number per plant, pod number per plant, grain number per plant and grain weight. The largest grain yields were obtained using double inoculation with NS-Nitragin (N+N) and the microbiological fertilizer NS-Nitragin and an Azotobacter mixture (N+A) and the lowest using BactoFil B. With beans, NS-Nitragin and Phylazonit MC produced the greatest effect both on grain yield and the parameters of nitrogen fixation and there was also an increase in nodule number, grain weight, dry matter mass, while the smallest grain yield was found in the treatment with the Azotobacter mixture. Our results showed that there was an increase of yield in all of the fertilization treatments in the maize trial relative to the control. However, when only barnyard manure plus the recommended dosage of BactoFil A were used the increase was 55%, whereas the same treatment with no fertilization produced an increase of 47%.

Cilj ovog rada bio je da se ispita uticaj mikrobioloških đubriva (NS-Nitragina, Azotobaktera, BactoFila A i B, Phylazonit MC) na biološke i agrohemijske osobine zemljišta kako bi se došlo do zaključka da li ovi preparati mogu da obezbede pogodne uslove za veću produkciju biljaka. Na osnovu rezultata bioloških ogleda može se zaključiti da mikrobiološka đubriva utiču pozitivno na biogenost zemljišta. Najveći prinos zrna soje ostvaren je kod dvostruke inokulacije soje sa NS-Nitraginom (N+N) i uz primenu Azotobaktera. Kod pasulja najveći efekat je bio kako na prinos zrna tako i na paramètre azotofiksaeije, na varijantama sa NS-Nitraginom i Phylazonitom MC, a najmanji sa dodatim Azotobakterom. Dobiveni rezultati pokazuju da je na svim varijantama đubrenja kukuruza došlo do povećanja prinosa u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu. Na varijanti bez dubrenja ali uz primenu preporučene količine BactoFila A dobiveno je naveće povećanje prinosa zrna kukuruza (47%). Na varijanti gde je đubreno samo sa stajnjakom uz preporučenu dozu BactoFila A povećanje prinosa bilo je 55%.