Phenotypic variability of several biological traits in sunflower inbred lines

Abstract

Phenotypic variability for plant height, head diameter, number of leaves leaf area and leaflet dry matter mass was studied in 11 inbred lines of sunflower (sterile and fertile analogues). The Duncan's multiple range and LSD tests revealed significant differences among the genotypes with regards to the mean values of all the traits concerned. The largest contribution to total variance for plant height was that of the genotype x year interaction (76.8%), while the genotype effects were considerably smaller (14.3%). Environmental factors had the largest influence on total variance for head diameter (44.8%), followed by the genotype x year interaction (25.0%) and genotype (18.8%). The individual participation of the genotype and environmental factors in total phenotypic variance for leaf number was about the same (35.2% and 34.9%, respectively). Variability caused by the interaction between the genotype and year formed the bulk of total phenotypic variance for leaf area and leaflet dry matter mass (56.5% and 49.9%), whereas the individual effects of these factors were considerably smaller. The study's results indicate that environmental factors have a large influence on the expression of the traits studied.

Ispitivana je fenotipska varijabilnost visine biljaka, prečnika glave, broja listova, lisne površine i mase suve materije liske kod sterilnih i fertilnih analoga 11 inbred linija suncokreta. Na osnovu višestrukog testa intervala (Duncan's multipli rang) i NZR (LSD) testa utvrđene su značajne razlike između srednjih vrednosti za sva svojstva kod ispitivanih genotipova. U strukturi ukupne varijanse za visinu biljaka najveći doprinos pripadao je interakciji genotip/godina (76,8%), dok je uticaj genotipa bio znatno manji (14,3%). Najveći uticaj u ukupnoj varijansi za prečnik glave imali su ekološki faktori (44,8%), a znatno manji interakcija genotip/godina (25,0%) i genotip (18,8%). Pojedinačno učešće genotipa i ekoloških faktora u ukupnoj fenotipskoj varijansi za broj listova je bilo podjednako (35,2% i 34,9%). U ukupnoj fenotipskoj varijansi za lisnu površinu i masu suve materije liske najveći deo činili su varijabilnost izazvana interakcijom genotip/godina (56,5% i 49,9%), dok je njihov pojedinačni uticaj bio znatno manji. Rezultati istraživanja u ovom radu ukazuju na veliki uticaj ekoloških faktora na ekspresiju ispitivanih svojstava.