Cultivation and use value of rapeseed hybrids tolerant to imidazolinone herbicides

Abstract

In rapeseed production weeds represent one of the limiting factors for achieving high yields. Imidazolinones control wide range of weeds and are applied after the emergence of crops and weeds. Clearfield® technology is based on the existence of a resistance gene against herbicides of imidazolinone (IMI) group in cultivated plants. All rapeseed hybrids whose resistance is based on the resistance gene from PM1 and PM2 are called Clearfield® rapeseed. In this paper content of oil, erucic acid and glucosinolates were analysed during three vegetation seasons. Hybrid tolerance for recommended and double increased amounts of imazamox and metazachlor based herbicide was also graded. Average yield of tested Clearfield® hybrids was less than average yield of standard rapeseed hybrids. Investigated hybrids had low glucosinolate content, and the erucic acid content was far below the allowed 2%. Phytotoxicity was manifested in the form of leaf chlorosis on small number of genotypes. Given the smaller yields of Clearfield® rapeseed hybrids in comparison to standard hybrids, IMI hybrid sowing is recommended only on fields having dominant weeds, which can be more efficient suppressed by herbicides based on imazamox.

U proizvodnji uljane repice korovi predstavljaju jedan od ograničavajućih faktora za postizanje visokih i stabilnih prinosa. Suzbijanje širokog spektra korova omogućavaju herbicidi iz grupe imidazolinona, koji se primenjuju nakon nicanja useva i korova. Clearfield® tehnologija je bazirana na postojanju gena otpornosti prema herbicidima iz grupe imidazolinona (IMI) u gajenim biljkama. Svi hibridi uljane repice čija se otpornost bazira na genima otpornosti iz PM1 i PM2 se nazivaju Clearfield® uljana repica. U ovom radu su analizirani prinos, sadržaj ulja, eruka kiseline i glukozinolata u tri vegetacione sezone. Rađena je i ocena tolerantnosti hibrida na preporučene i duplo uvećane količine herbicida na bazi imazamoksa i metazahlora. Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da su prosečne vrednosti prinosa ispitivanih Clearfield® hibrida bile manje u odnosu na prinos standardnih hibrida uljane repice. Ispitivani hibridi su imali nizak sadržaj glukozinolata, a sadržaj eruka kiseline je bio daleko niži od dozvoljenih 2%. Fitotoksičnost se ispoljila u vidu hloroze listova na manjem broju genotipova. S obzirom na manje prinose Clearfield® hibrida uljane repice u odnosu na standardne, setva IMI hibrida se preporučuje samo na parcelama na kojima su dominantni korovi, koji se efikasnije mogu suzbiti herbicidima na bazi imazamoksa.