Effect of harvest delay on the intensity of soya bean seed decay
Uticaj odlaganja žetve soje na intenzitet pojave truleži semena
Апстракт
Three-year field trials have been conducted to assess the effect of harvest delay (after full technological maturity) on the intensity of Soya bean seed decay, a disease caused by fungal species from this genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis. It has been found that species from this genus cause seed decay as well as latent infection, without visible external symptoms. Seed decay was registered in 1998 and 1999, but not in the year 2000 which was exceptionally dry. Disease intensity was higher in 1998 than in 1999 (Table 3), as a consequence to different weather conditions during Soya bean maturation. These trials confirmed that the amount of rainfall, from the beginning of maturation till harvest, is the main factor determining disease intensity. Under the local agro ecological conditions, the critical period for the outbreak of infection was the last 10-day period of August, when increased rainfall intensified the disease. According to Table 2, that period was wettest in 1998, causing the most i...ntensive seed decay. The lower rainfall in 1999 brought a corresponding decrease in disease intensity. In the dry year of 2000, the disease was not registered at all. Delay of harvest after technological maturity tended to intensify the disease (Table 3). Differences in the number of decayed seeds were not statistically significant between the first and second harvest date, but their numbers increased significantly and very significantly in the third and especially in the fourth harvest date, respectively. It ensured that Soya bean harvest may be safely delayed for 10 to 15 days and no longer. Otherwise, the rate of damage will increase significantly. The tested Soya bean varieties exhibited differences in disease sensitivity. The variety Balkan was more sensitive to the agents of seed decay from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis than to the other two varieties. Three species from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis were isolated from healthy soya bean seeds as follows Phomopsis longicolla, Phomopsis sojae and Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora. Latent infections were registered in all three years. They were most intensive in 1999, then in 2000 and the least in 1998 (Graph lc). With harvest delay, the percentage of latent infection has increased. The more prolonged the harvest is, the more increasing the percentage is (Graph lb). This regularity was particularly pronounced in the case of P. longicolla. Considering the intensity of latent infection, the variety Balkan was most sensitive to P. longicolla and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora, and the variety Afrodita to P. sojae. The variety Vojvođanka was less sensitive to the parasites from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis. P. longicolla was the dominant parasite of soya bean seed in our country (Graph 2). The portion of this species in the total number of infected seeds ranged from 54% in 1998 to more than 80% in 1999 or more than 70% on the 3-year average. The average percentage of D. phaseolorum var. caulivora was about 21%. The species P. sojae was rarest, with the value slightly over 8%.
U trogodišnjim ogledima u polju proučen je uticaj odlaganja žetve soje na intenzitet pojave oboljenja semena, koje prouzrokuju vrste roda Diaporthe/Phomopsis. Utvrđeno je da se intenzitet pojave truleži semena, kao i procenat latentno zaraženih zrna povećavaju utoliko više, ukoliko usev soje duže ostaje na parceli posle zrenja, s tim što se štete progresivno uvećavaju pri trećem i četvrtom roku žetve. U okviru roda, Phomopsis longicolla je dominantna vrsta (iznad 70% od ukupno zaraženih zrna), zatim sledi Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora (oko 21%), dok je Phomopsis sojae najmanje zastupljena (8%). Utvrđene su razlike u stepenu osetljivosti genotipova soje uključenih u oglede. Pokazalo se daje sorta balkan najosetljivija, zatim sorta afrodita, dok sorta vojvođanka ispoljava niži stepen osetljivosti prema parazitima roda Diaporthe/Phomopsis.
Кључне речи:
soya bean / harvest delay / seed decay / D. phaseolorum var.caulivora / P. longicolla / P. sojae / soja / odlaganje žetve / trulež semena / D. phaseolorum var. caulivora / P. longicolla / P. sojaeИзвор:
Zaštita bilja, 2002, 53, 1, 39-50Издавач:
- Institut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd
Колекције
Институција/група
FiVeRTY - JOUR AU - Vidić, Miloš AU - Miladinović, Jegor AU - Đorđević, Vuk PY - 2002 UR - http://fiver.ifvcns.rs/handle/123456789/131 AB - Three-year field trials have been conducted to assess the effect of harvest delay (after full technological maturity) on the intensity of Soya bean seed decay, a disease caused by fungal species from this genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis. It has been found that species from this genus cause seed decay as well as latent infection, without visible external symptoms. Seed decay was registered in 1998 and 1999, but not in the year 2000 which was exceptionally dry. Disease intensity was higher in 1998 than in 1999 (Table 3), as a consequence to different weather conditions during Soya bean maturation. These trials confirmed that the amount of rainfall, from the beginning of maturation till harvest, is the main factor determining disease intensity. Under the local agro ecological conditions, the critical period for the outbreak of infection was the last 10-day period of August, when increased rainfall intensified the disease. According to Table 2, that period was wettest in 1998, causing the most intensive seed decay. The lower rainfall in 1999 brought a corresponding decrease in disease intensity. In the dry year of 2000, the disease was not registered at all. Delay of harvest after technological maturity tended to intensify the disease (Table 3). Differences in the number of decayed seeds were not statistically significant between the first and second harvest date, but their numbers increased significantly and very significantly in the third and especially in the fourth harvest date, respectively. It ensured that Soya bean harvest may be safely delayed for 10 to 15 days and no longer. Otherwise, the rate of damage will increase significantly. The tested Soya bean varieties exhibited differences in disease sensitivity. The variety Balkan was more sensitive to the agents of seed decay from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis than to the other two varieties. Three species from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis were isolated from healthy soya bean seeds as follows Phomopsis longicolla, Phomopsis sojae and Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora. Latent infections were registered in all three years. They were most intensive in 1999, then in 2000 and the least in 1998 (Graph lc). With harvest delay, the percentage of latent infection has increased. The more prolonged the harvest is, the more increasing the percentage is (Graph lb). This regularity was particularly pronounced in the case of P. longicolla. Considering the intensity of latent infection, the variety Balkan was most sensitive to P. longicolla and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora, and the variety Afrodita to P. sojae. The variety Vojvođanka was less sensitive to the parasites from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis. P. longicolla was the dominant parasite of soya bean seed in our country (Graph 2). The portion of this species in the total number of infected seeds ranged from 54% in 1998 to more than 80% in 1999 or more than 70% on the 3-year average. The average percentage of D. phaseolorum var. caulivora was about 21%. The species P. sojae was rarest, with the value slightly over 8%. AB - U trogodišnjim ogledima u polju proučen je uticaj odlaganja žetve soje na intenzitet pojave oboljenja semena, koje prouzrokuju vrste roda Diaporthe/Phomopsis. Utvrđeno je da se intenzitet pojave truleži semena, kao i procenat latentno zaraženih zrna povećavaju utoliko više, ukoliko usev soje duže ostaje na parceli posle zrenja, s tim što se štete progresivno uvećavaju pri trećem i četvrtom roku žetve. U okviru roda, Phomopsis longicolla je dominantna vrsta (iznad 70% od ukupno zaraženih zrna), zatim sledi Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora (oko 21%), dok je Phomopsis sojae najmanje zastupljena (8%). Utvrđene su razlike u stepenu osetljivosti genotipova soje uključenih u oglede. Pokazalo se daje sorta balkan najosetljivija, zatim sorta afrodita, dok sorta vojvođanka ispoljava niži stepen osetljivosti prema parazitima roda Diaporthe/Phomopsis. PB - Institut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd T2 - Zaštita bilja T1 - Effect of harvest delay on the intensity of soya bean seed decay T1 - Uticaj odlaganja žetve soje na intenzitet pojave truleži semena EP - 50 IS - 1 SP - 39 VL - 53 UR - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_131 ER -
@article{ author = "Vidić, Miloš and Miladinović, Jegor and Đorđević, Vuk", year = "2002", abstract = "Three-year field trials have been conducted to assess the effect of harvest delay (after full technological maturity) on the intensity of Soya bean seed decay, a disease caused by fungal species from this genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis. It has been found that species from this genus cause seed decay as well as latent infection, without visible external symptoms. Seed decay was registered in 1998 and 1999, but not in the year 2000 which was exceptionally dry. Disease intensity was higher in 1998 than in 1999 (Table 3), as a consequence to different weather conditions during Soya bean maturation. These trials confirmed that the amount of rainfall, from the beginning of maturation till harvest, is the main factor determining disease intensity. Under the local agro ecological conditions, the critical period for the outbreak of infection was the last 10-day period of August, when increased rainfall intensified the disease. According to Table 2, that period was wettest in 1998, causing the most intensive seed decay. The lower rainfall in 1999 brought a corresponding decrease in disease intensity. In the dry year of 2000, the disease was not registered at all. Delay of harvest after technological maturity tended to intensify the disease (Table 3). Differences in the number of decayed seeds were not statistically significant between the first and second harvest date, but their numbers increased significantly and very significantly in the third and especially in the fourth harvest date, respectively. It ensured that Soya bean harvest may be safely delayed for 10 to 15 days and no longer. Otherwise, the rate of damage will increase significantly. The tested Soya bean varieties exhibited differences in disease sensitivity. The variety Balkan was more sensitive to the agents of seed decay from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis than to the other two varieties. Three species from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis were isolated from healthy soya bean seeds as follows Phomopsis longicolla, Phomopsis sojae and Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora. Latent infections were registered in all three years. They were most intensive in 1999, then in 2000 and the least in 1998 (Graph lc). With harvest delay, the percentage of latent infection has increased. The more prolonged the harvest is, the more increasing the percentage is (Graph lb). This regularity was particularly pronounced in the case of P. longicolla. Considering the intensity of latent infection, the variety Balkan was most sensitive to P. longicolla and D. phaseolorum var. caulivora, and the variety Afrodita to P. sojae. The variety Vojvođanka was less sensitive to the parasites from the genus Diaporthe/Phomopsis. P. longicolla was the dominant parasite of soya bean seed in our country (Graph 2). The portion of this species in the total number of infected seeds ranged from 54% in 1998 to more than 80% in 1999 or more than 70% on the 3-year average. The average percentage of D. phaseolorum var. caulivora was about 21%. The species P. sojae was rarest, with the value slightly over 8%., U trogodišnjim ogledima u polju proučen je uticaj odlaganja žetve soje na intenzitet pojave oboljenja semena, koje prouzrokuju vrste roda Diaporthe/Phomopsis. Utvrđeno je da se intenzitet pojave truleži semena, kao i procenat latentno zaraženih zrna povećavaju utoliko više, ukoliko usev soje duže ostaje na parceli posle zrenja, s tim što se štete progresivno uvećavaju pri trećem i četvrtom roku žetve. U okviru roda, Phomopsis longicolla je dominantna vrsta (iznad 70% od ukupno zaraženih zrna), zatim sledi Diaporthe phaseolorum var. caulivora (oko 21%), dok je Phomopsis sojae najmanje zastupljena (8%). Utvrđene su razlike u stepenu osetljivosti genotipova soje uključenih u oglede. Pokazalo se daje sorta balkan najosetljivija, zatim sorta afrodita, dok sorta vojvođanka ispoljava niži stepen osetljivosti prema parazitima roda Diaporthe/Phomopsis.", publisher = "Institut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd", journal = "Zaštita bilja", title = "Effect of harvest delay on the intensity of soya bean seed decay, Uticaj odlaganja žetve soje na intenzitet pojave truleži semena", pages = "50-39", number = "1", volume = "53", url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_131" }
Vidić, M., Miladinović, J.,& Đorđević, V.. (2002). Effect of harvest delay on the intensity of soya bean seed decay. in Zaštita bilja Institut za zaštitu bilja i životnu sredinu, Beograd., 53(1), 39-50. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_131
Vidić M, Miladinović J, Đorđević V. Effect of harvest delay on the intensity of soya bean seed decay. in Zaštita bilja. 2002;53(1):39-50. https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_131 .
Vidić, Miloš, Miladinović, Jegor, Đorđević, Vuk, "Effect of harvest delay on the intensity of soya bean seed decay" in Zaštita bilja, 53, no. 1 (2002):39-50, https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_fiver_131 .