The effects of weather conditions upon summer moisture of soil planted with medicinal plant species

Abstract

The effects of summer weather conditions upon the dynamics of soil moisture were studied on the experimental field of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Bački Petrovac. The analysis included precipitations and mean daily air temperatures in 2012 and 2013 and their effect upon moisture content in marigold, basil and mint rhizosphere. It was performed in both conventionally and organic grown plants. Extremely warm and dry summer 2012 with three heat waves induced extended period of drought causing permanent wilting in both conventionally and organic grown plants in the second decade of July and in August. Summer 2013 was very warm and dry with two heat waves while at the same time plants experienced drought later due to a favourable soil moisture at the beginning of vegetation. Soil water content induced permanent wilting not until the middle of August. .

Na oglednom polju u Bačkom Petrovcu, u Odeljenju za alternativne kulture Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, praćen je uticaj vremenskih uslova u letnjem periodu na dinamiku vlažnosti zemljišta. Analizirane su padavine i srednje dnevne temperature vazduha u 2012. i 2013. godini i njihov uticaj na sadržaj vlage u rizosferi nevena, mente i bosiljka. Analize su rađene u konvencionalnom i organskom sistemu gajenja. Ekstremno toplo i ekstremno sušno leto 2012. godine, sa tri toplotna talasa, uslovilo je pojavu zemljišne suše koja je bila vrlo izražena i dugotrajna, pri čemu je u drugoj dekadi jula i u avgustu vlažnost zemljišta bila na nivou trajnog venjenja u oba načina proizvodnje. Leto 2013. godine bilo je veoma toplo i sušno, sa dva toplotna talasa, ali je zbog povoljne rezerve vlažnosti u početnom periodu vegetacije suša nastupila kasnije. Vlažnost zemljišta pod lekovitim biljem bila je na nivou trajnog venjenja od polovine avgusta. .