Agro-biological traits of common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) genotypes in regular and stubble crop

Abstract

Agro-biological traits of common millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) genotypes were studied on experimental lots of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Bački Petrovac, Serbia in 2009 and 2010. The study included 16 genotypes of millet grown and used in selection programs in Serbia and abroad. Crops in trials were based on regular and stubble crops. A significant variability appeared during and at the end of growing season in the number of days from emergence to earing of some genotypes of millet, plant height, grain yield, 1000-grain weight and test weight of the test material, and it can be used as a good basis for further work on breeding and improvement of common millet. Cluster analysis identified genotypes with high performance for yield per plant, but also good stability of other studied parameters. Studies have shown that the genetic factor had significant effect on realized values of all tested traits. The difference between the yield of millet in regular and stubble crops was also statistically significant. Out of 9 varieties and lines of millet, 3 of them achieved a higher yield in stubble crops. From the point of agro-biological traits, 2010 was more favourable for the production of millet.

Na oglednim parcelama Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad, u Bačkom Petrovcu u toku 2009. i 2010. istraživane su agrobiološke osobine različitih genotipova običnog prosa (Panicum miliaceum L.). U istraživanja je bilo uključeno 16 genotipova prosa koje se gaje i koriste u selekcijskim programima kod nas i u svetu. Usev u ogledima zasnovan je u redovnoj i postrnoj setvi. U toku i na kraju vegetacije utvrđena je značajna varijabilnost broja dana od nicanja do klasanja pojedinih genotipova prosa, visine biljke, prinosa zrna, mase 1000 zrna i hektolitarske masa ispitivanog materijala i ona može poslužiti kao dobra osnova za dalji rad na oplemenjivanju i unapređenju proizvodnje običnog prosa. Klaster analiza identifikovala je genotipove sa visokim performansama za prinos po biljci ali i dobre stabilnosti ostalih ispitivanih parametara. Istraživanja su pokazala da je genetski faktor bio veoma značajnog uticaja ostvarene vrednosti svih ispitivanih svojstava. Razlike između prinosa zrna prosa u redovnoj i postrnoj setvi takođe su bile statistički značajne. Od 9 sorti i linija prosa, tri su postigle viši prinos u postrnoj setvi. Sa aspekta agrobioloških osobina 2010. je bila povoljnija godina za proizvodnju prosa.