Sunflower 1000-seed weight as affected by year and genotype

Abstract

For a successful seed production, it is necessary to know the size, i.e. 1000-seed weight, since it affects the sowing rate, plant density over the vegetative period as well as the seed yield per unit area. The study was conducted in field conditions, on plots where seed production of sunflower hybrids parental components was organized. Seed production was based at three different localities. Observation was conducted during the course of three years. The study was performed on 18 different genotypes. Considering the total number of the observed genotypes, 10 genotypes represented lines based on CMS, while the remaining 8 genotypes represented restorer lines. The study showed that 1000-seed weight was higher with CMS based lines than with restorer lines, which was expected considering the branching of the restorer lines. Sunflower 1000-seed weight depended on the year of observation and the observed genotype. Year had a significant effect on 1000-seed weight.

Za uspešnu semensku proizvodnju neophodno je poznavati krupnoću, tj. masu 1000 semena jer ona utiče na setvenu normu, optimalan sklop biljka u toku vegetacije, a samim tim i na prinos semena po jedinici površine. Ispitivanje je vršeno u poljskim uslovima na parcelama gde je organizovana semenska proizvodnja roditeljskih komponenti hibrida suncokreta. Semenska proizvodnja organizovana je na tri različita lokaliteta. Posmatranje se odvijalo tokom tri godine. Ispitivanje je obavljeno na 18 različitih genotipova. Od ukupnog broja posmatranih genotipova, 10 genotipova predstavljale su linije na bazi CMS-a, dok su preostalih 8 genotipova predstavljale restorer linije. Ispitivanja su pokazala da je masa 1000 semena veća kod linija na bazi CMS-a u odnosu na restorer linije, što je bilo i za očekivati s obzirom na granatost linija restorera. Masa 1000 semena suncokreta zavisila je od godine posmatranja i posmatranog genotipa. Godine kao faktor posmatranja imale su značajnog uticaja na masu 1000 semena.