Preliminary results of interaction between nitrogen fertilization and irrigation on the yield of winter wheat

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify and quantify the effects of interaction of nitrogen fertilization at topdressing and irrigation on the yield of two winter wheat varieties in 2012/2013. In average for two treatments of irrigation and applied nitrogen, variety Zvezdana achieved significantly higher yield in comparison with Simonida. Comparing the yield obtained on control and irrigated treatments showed no significant differences. By analyzing the effects of increasing doses of nitrogen on the yield of winter wheat, it can be concluded that fertilization had the greatest impact on yield. However, the highest grain yield was obtained on the control treatment, and was significantly higher than yield achieved on all fertilized treatments. Unexpected results of an experiment could be explained by the specific, favourable climate conditions of the year, with abundant precipitation, relatively high temperatures and a high initial content of soil mineral nitrogen with subsequent high mineralization. Consequently, the expected effects of fertilization, especially irrigation on grain yield were not achieved.

Cilj ovih istraživanja bio je da se u uslovima proizvodne 2012/2013. godine utvrdi i kvantifikuje efekat đubrenja azotom u prihrani u interakciji sa navodnjavanjem na prinos dve ozime sorte pšenice. U proseku za dva tretmana navodnjavanja i primenjene doze azota, sorta Zvezdana ostvarila je značajno veći prinos zrna u poređenju sa Simonidom. Poređenjem kontrolne i navodnjavane varijante utvrđeno je da je prinos zrna na ovim pod parcelama bio gotovo identičan. Posmatrajući efekte rastućih doza azota na visinu prinosa moglo se konstatovati da je đubrenje imalo najveći uticaj na prinos. Međutim, sasvim neočekivano, najveći prinos zrna dobijen je na kontrolnoj varijanti, i bio je značajno veći od prinosa na svim đubrenim varijantama. Neuobičajeni rezultati ogleda mogu se objasniti specifičnim uslovima godine, pre svega povoljnim klimatskim uslovima sa obilnim količinama padavina i visokim temperaturama, zatim visokim početnim sadržajem mineralnog azota u zemljištu i kasnijom velikom mineralizacijom, što je dovelo do toga da su izostali očekivani efekti đubrenja, a naročito navodnjavanja na prinos zrna.